Indian Kanoon > Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 specifies the kind of evidence acceptable and not acceptable by the court of law. This act consists of 167 sections. Get a detailed description of all the sections of the Indian Evidence Act 1872 at easyadvocacy.

Section	Title
	CHAPTER 1 - PRELIMINARY
Section- 1	Section-1. Short title, extent and commencement Chapter 1
Section- 2	Section-2. Repeal of enactments Chapter 1
Section- 3	Section-3. Interpretation clause Chapter 1
Section- 4	Section-4. 'May presume' Chapter 1
	CHAPTER II - Of The Relevancy Of Facts
Section- 5	Section-5. Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts Chapter 1
Section- 6	Section-6. Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction Chapter 1
Section- 7	Section-7. Facts which are the occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue Chapter 1
Section- 8	Section-8. Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct Chapter 1
Section- 9	Section-9. Facts necessary to explain or introduce relevant facts Chapter 1
Section- 10	Section-10. Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design Chapter 1
Section- 11	Section-11. When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant Chapter 1
Section- 12	Section-12. In suits for damages, facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant Chapter 1
Section- 13	Section-13. Facts relevant when right or custom is in question Chapter 1
Section- 14	Section-14. Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling Chapter 1
Section- 15	Section-15. Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional Chapter 1
Section- 16	Section-16. Existence of course of business when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 17	Section-17. Admission defined Chapter 1
Section- 18	Section-18. Admission- by party to proceeding or his agent Chapter 1
Section- 19	Section-19. Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit Chapter 1
Section- 20	Section-20. Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit Chapter 1
Section- 21	Section-21. Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf Chapter 1
Section- 22	Section-22. When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant Chapter 1
Section- 22A.	Section-22A. When oral admissions as to contents of electronic records are relevant Chapter 1
Section- 23	Section-23. Admission in civil cases relevant Chapter 1
Section- 24	Section-24. Confession caused by inducement, threat or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceedings Chapter 1
Section- 25	Section-25. Confession to police officer not to be proved Chapter 1
Section- 26	Section-26. Confession by accused while in custody of police not to be proved against him Chapter 1
Section- 27	Section-27. How much of information received from accused may be proved Chapter 1
Section- 28	Section-28. Confession made after removal of impression caused by inducement, threat or promise, relevant Chapter 1
Section- 29	Section-29. Confession otherwise relevant not to become irrelevant because of promise of secrecy, etc. Chapter 1
Section- 30	Section-30. Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence Chapter 1
Section- 31	Section-31. Admission not conclusive proof, but may estop Chapter 1
Section- 32	Section-32. Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc, is relevant Chapter 1
Section- 33	Section-33. Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, the truth of facts therein stated Chapter 1
Section- 34	Section-34. Entries in books of account, including those maintained in an electronic form] when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 35	Section-35. Relevancy of entry in public record made in performance of duty Chapter 1
Section- 36	Section-36. Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans Chapter 1
Section- 37	Section-37. Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature, contained in certain acts or notifications Chapter 1
Section- 38	Section-38. Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law-books Chapter 1
Section- 39	Section-39. What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers. Chapter 1
Section- 40	Section-40. Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial Chapter 1
Section- 41	Section-41. Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc. jurisdiction Chapter 1
Section- 42	Section-42. Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 41 Chapter 1
Section- 43	Section-43. Judgment, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 40 to 42, when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 44	Section-44. Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved Chapter 1
Section- 45	Section-45. Opinions of experts Chapter 1
Section- 46	Section-46. Facts bearing upon opinions of experts Chapter 1
Section- 47	Section-47. Opinion as to handwriting, when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 47A	Section-47A. Opinion as to [electronic signature] when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 48	Section-48. Opinion as to existence of right or custom, when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 49	Section-49. Opinion as to usage, tenets, etc., when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 50	Section-50. Opinion on relationship, when relevant Chapter 1
Section- 52	Section-52. In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant Chapter 1
Section- 53	Section-53. In criminal cases, previous good character relevant Chapter 1
Section- 54	Section-54. Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply Chapter 1
Section- 55	Section-55. Character as affecting damages Chapter 1
	CHAPTER III - Facts Which Need Not Be Proved
Section- 56	Section-56. Fact Judicially noticeable need not be proved Chapter 1
Section- 57	Section-57. Facts of which Court must take judicial notice Chapter 1
Section- 58	Section-58. Facts admitted need not be proved Chapter 1
	CHAPTER IV - Of Oral Evidence
Section- 59	Section-59. Proof of facts by oral evidence Chapter 1
Section- 60	Section-60. Oral evidence must be direct Chapter 1
	CHAPTER V - Of Documentary Evidence
Section- 61	Section-61. Proof of contents of documents Chapter 1
Section- 62	Section-62. Primary evidence Chapter 1
Section- 63	Section-63. Secondary evidence Chapter 1
Section- 64	Section-64. Proof of documents by primary evidence Chapter 1
Section- 65	Section-65. Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given Chapter 1
Section- 65A	Section-65A . Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record Chapter 1
Section- 65B	Section-65B . Admissibility of electronic records Chapter 1
Section- 66	Section-66. Rules as to notice to produce Chapter 1
Section- 67	Section-67. Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced Chapter 1
Section- 67A	Section-67A. Proof as to [electronic signature] Chapter 1
Section- 68	Section-68. Proof of execution of document required by law to beattested Chapter 1
Section- 69	Section-69. Proof where no attesting witness found Chapter 1
Section- 70	Section-70. Admission of execution by party to attested document Chapter 1
Section- 71	Section-71. Proof when attesting witness denies the execution Chapter 1
Section- 72	Section-72. Proof of document not required by law to be attested Chapter 1
Section- 73	Section-73. Comparison of signature, writing or seal with othersadmitted or proved Chapter 1
Section- 74	Section-74. Public documents Chapter 1
Section- 75	Section-75. Private documents Chapter 1
Section- 76	Section-76. Certified copies of public documents Chapter 1
Section- 77	Section-77. Proof of documents by production of certified copies Chapter 1
Section- 78	Section-78. Proof of other official documents Chapter 1
Section- 79	Section-79. Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies Chapter 1
Section- 80	Section-80. Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence Chapter 1
Section- 81	Section-81. Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, private Acts of Parliament and other documents Chapter 1
Section- 81A	Section-81A . Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic forms Chapter 1
Section- 82	Section-82. Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature Chapter 1
Section- 83	Section-83. Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government Chapter 1
Section- 84	Section-84. Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions Chapter 1
Section- 85	Section-85. Presumption as to powers-of-attorney Chapter 1
Section- 85A	Section-85A. Presumption as to electronic agreements Chapter 1
Section- 85B	Section-85B. Presumption as to electronic records and 6 [electronic signatures] Chapter 1
Section- 85C	Section-85C. Presumption as to [Electronic Signature Certificates] Chapter 1
Section- 86	Section-86. Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records Chapter 1
Section- 87	Section-87. Presumption as to books, maps and charts Chapter 1
Section- 88	Section-88. Presumption as to telegraphic messages Chapter 1
Section- 88A	Section-88A . Presumption as to electronic messages Chapter 1
Section- 89	Section-89. Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced Chapter 1
Section- 90	Section-90. Presumption as to documents thirty years old Chapter 1
Section- 90A	Section-90A . Presumption as to documents thirty years old Chapter 1
	CHAPTER VI - Of The Exclusion Of Oral Or Documentary Evidence
Section- 91	Section-91. Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document Chapter 1
Section- 92	Section-92. Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement Chapter 1
Section- 93	Section-93. Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document Chapter 1
Section- 94	Section-94. Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts Chapter 1
Section- 95	Section-95. Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference toexisting facts Chapter 1
Section- 96	Section-96. Evidence as to application of language which can applyto one only of several persons Chapter 1
Section- 97	Section-97. Evidence as to application of language to one of twosets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies Chapter 1
Section- 98	Section-98. Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc. Chapter 1
Section- 99	Section-99. Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms ofdocument Chapter 1
Section- 100	Section-100. Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act,relating to wills Chapter 1
	CHAPTER VII - Of The Burden Of Proof
Section- 101	Section-101. Burden of proof Chapter 1
Section- 102	Section-102. On whom burden of proof lies Chapter 1
Section- 103	Section-103. Burden of proof as to particular fact Chapter 1
Section- 104	Section-104. Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidenceadmissible Chapter 1
Section- 105	Section-105. Burden of proving that case of accused comes withinexceptions. Chapter 1
Section- 106	Section-106. Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge Chapter 1
Section- 107	Section-107. Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years Chapter 1
Section- 108	Section-108. Burden of proving that person is alive who has notbeen heard of for seven years Chapter 1
Section- 109	Section-109. Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent Chapter 1
Section- 110	Section-110. Burden of proof as to ownership Chapter 1
Section- 111	Section-111. Proof of good faith in transactions where one partyis in relation of active confidence Chapter 1
Section- 111A	Section-111A . Presumption as to certain offences Chapter 1
Section- 112	Section-112. Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy Chapter 1
Section- 113	Section-113. Proof of cession of territory Chapter 1
Section- 113A	Section-113A . Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman Chapter 1
Section- 113B	Section-113B. Presumption as to dowry death Chapter 1
Section- 114	Section-114. Court may presume existence of certain acts Chapter 1
Section- 114A	Section-114A . Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecutions for rape Chapter 1
	CHAPTER VIII - Estoppel
Section- 115	Section-115. Estoppel Chapter 1
Section- 116	Section-116. Estoppel of tenant; and of license of person in possession Chapter 1
Section- 117	Section-117. Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee orlicensee Chapter 1
	CHAPTER IX - Of Witnesses
Section- 118	Section-118. Who may testify Chapter 1
Section- 119	Section-119. Dumb witnesses Chapter 1
Section- 120	Section-120. Parties to civil suit, and their wives or husbands, Husbands or wife of person under criminal trial Chapter 1
Section- 121	Section-121. Judges and Magistrates Chapter 1
Section- 122	Section-122. Communications during marriage Chapter 1
Section- 123	Section-123. Evidence as to affairs of State Chapter 1
Section- 124	Section-124. Official communications Chapter 1
Section- 125	Section-125. Information as to commission of offences Chapter 1
Section- 126	Section-126. Professional communication Chapter 1
Section- 127	Section-127. Section 126 to apply to interpreters etc. Chapter 1
Section- 128	Section-128. Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence Chapter 1
Section- 129	Section-129. Confidential communications with legal advisers Chapter 1
Section- 130	Section-130. Production of title-deeds of witness not a party Chapter 1
Section- 131	Section-131. Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce Chapter 1
Section- 132	Section-132. Witness not excused from answering on ground thatanswer will criminate Chapter 1
Section- 133	Section-133. Accomplice Chapter 1
Section- 134	Section-134. Number of witnesses Chapter 1
	CHAPTER X - Of The Examination Of Witnesses
Section- 135	Section-135. Order of production and examination of witnesses Chapter 1
Section- 136	Section-136. Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence Chapter 1
Section- 137	Section-137. Examination in chief Chapter 1
Section- 138	Section-138. Order of examinations Chapter 1
Section- 139	Section-139. Cross-examination of person called to produce a document Chapter 1
Section- 140	Section-140. Witnesses to character Chapter 1
Section- 141	Section-141. Leading questions Chapter 1
Section- 142	Section-142. When they must not be asked Chapter 1
Section- 143	Section-143. When they may be asked Chapter 1
Section- 144	Section-144. Evidence as to matters in writing Chapter 1
Section- 145	Section-145. Cross-examination as to previous Statements in writing Chapter 1
Section- 146	Section-146. Questions lawful in cross-examination Chapter 1
Section- 147	Section-147. When witness to be compelled to answer Chapter 1
Section- 148	Section-148. Court to decide when question shall be asked and whenwitness compelled to answer Chapter 1
Section- 149	Section-149. Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds Chapter 1
Section- 150	Section-150. Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds Chapter 1
Section- 151	Section-151. Indecent and scandalous questions Chapter 1
Section- 152	Section-152. questions intended to insult or annoy Chapter 1
Section- 153	Section-153. Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers toquestions testing veracity Chapter 1
Section- 154	Section-154. Question by party to his own witness Chapter 1
Section- 155	Section-155. Impeaching credit of witness Chapter 1
Section- 156	Section-156. Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevantfact, admissible Chapter 1
Section- 157	Section-157. Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact- Chapter 1
Section- 158	Section-158. What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 32 or 33 Chapter 1
Section- 159	Section-159. Refreshing memory Chapter 1
Section- 160	Section-160. Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 159 Chapter 1
Section- 161	Section-161. Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory Chapter 1
Section- 162	Section-162. Productions of documents Chapter 1
Section- 163	Section-163. Giving, as evidence, of documentcalled for and produced on notice Chapter 1
Section- 164	Section-164. Using, as evidence, of document production of whichwas refused on notice Chapter 1
Section- 165	Section-165. Judge's power to put questions or order production Chapter 1
Section- 166	Section-166. Power of jury or assessors to put questions Chapter 1
	CHAPTER XI - Of Improper Admission And Rejection Of Evidence
Section- 167	Section-167. No new trial for improper admission or rejection orevidence Chapter 1
Section-	Foot Notes Chapter 1
Section- 73A	Section-73A Proofs as to verification of digital signature Chapter 1

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